One of the fundamental topics in the history of Shia hadiths is the manner of recording hadiths at the time of issuance. Some important questions are: Have the narrators recorded and transmitted the exact Words quoted by the Infallibles (AS), or did they intend to convey only their main meaning and concept? The focus on the realities governing the history of Shia hadiths by using a book-based method shows the extensiveness, authenticity, and predominance of the Word transmission in Shia hadiths. Hadith of Shia which has been written and flowed in the forms of hadith books under the supervision of the Infallibles (AS), has faced the lowest damage in the process of its receiving and transmitting. So, "the meaning transmission" which has a close connection with oral narrating, has had the least occurrence in the book-based hadith of Shia. In addition, the hadiths concerning the manner of transmitting the narrations can be considered as another indication of the authenticity of the Word transmission in Shia hadith. Although at first glance, the issue of " difference in the text of hadiths" is evidence against the foregoing claim, by considering the field and causes of its occurrence, it becomes clear that it doesn't signify the scope and predominance of the meaning transmission in Shia Hadith.

In this article, an attempt has been made to estimate the amount of sound transmission loss in a flat oval channel by applying the approach of statistical energy analysis. Correct estimation of sound transmission loss in an air conditioning channel is of great importance due to the harmful effects of noise pollution in the environment on human health. Simulation with the statistical energy analysis method is a powerful approach to estimate sound and vibration in problems in which we deal with complex and multi-part systems; is considered. In this method, first, a system is divided into several subsystems, and then by writing a matrix equation that includes the energy exchanges between subsystems and energy loss coefficients; It is investigated from the perspective of vibration and sound estimation.On average, the model presented in this research is able to estimate the sound transmission loss in different dimensions of the air conditioning channels according to the experimental results in the accuracy range of ± 2.5 dB. Considering that it seems that the results obtained from modeling with this method are in good agreement with the experimental data; The results of this research can be used as an efficient approach to estimate noise in oval shaped channels stretched in different lengths.

Introduction: The risk of being affected by infectious diseases in dentistry directly depends upon the degree of contact with body liquids, such as blood and saliva, as well as the working tools. Different micro-organisms including the viruses causing AIDS and Hepatitis B as well as oral thrush are possible to be transferred in dentistry. According to the Dental intervention (FDI), it is suggested that all dental patients, in spite of the healthy look, are considered to be infective. Therefore, the health principles and protective and safety methods must be observed in all the sequences to prevent cross-infection. Thus, the present study seeks to investigate the degree to which the dentists in Isfahan respect and approach to such standards.Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. In order to answer the questions of the study (as found in tables 1&2), the data related to the participants’ attitudes and performance were collected by having them fill out a questionnaire and a checklist. A total of 140 dentists in Isfahan were selected through a random sampling in 1385 (HS). The data collected was then evaluated with SPSS.Results: The mean score obtained from the attitude-related questions was 5.36. Also, the mean score of performance-related questions was found to be 8.03. No significant relation was found between the dentists` attitudes and the years of service (P=0.092, r=0.17). No significant relation was found between the dentists` performance and the years of service (P=0.12, r=0.15). No significant relation was found between the dentists` attitudes and their performance (P=0.1, r=0.16).

The necessity of an exhaustive research about Word making in Arabic language is obvious since the studies and reviews show the perpetuation of Arabic contemporary language. Linguistic scholars and theorists have different opinions about Word making process in the sense of applying a new equivalence, producing, creating, and forming new Words based on Arabic origins. They also point tothe basis of Arabic Word making principles for obtaining a new relation and sense in the original language, or translating foreign and nonnative technical terms fromtarget language. So, the aim of the author of this research is to review, study and determine the complete patterns of Word making in contemporary Arabic language which include all the applied and favorable methods of Arabic linguistics and ideas of Arabic language theorists. Also, this research will determine language Equalization, division, and branching in a correct way. Along with the mentioned aims, the present study is organized on the basis of considered patterns of Word making styles, analyzing and sampling. The final part of this research shows that the most common Word making patterns of the contemporary Arabic language include derivation by seven derivative forms: inflectional derivation, great derivation, greater derivation, major derivation, substitutive derivation, repository derivation and syntactic derivation. The second most common style include tree structures: participle structure, propositional structure, and syntactic structure with a proposition letter group.

The interaction between syntax and Word-formation has been of great theoretical significance in the past four decades. The question that is now raised is as follows: is Word-formation an independent module, or should it be subsumed under syntax?Considering Word-formation processes in Persian, this article is an attempt to provide a number of facts in favour of the existence of an independent Word-formation component. These facts are:1. A great number of complex Words in Persian are headless, contrary to the syntactic phrases.2. A great number of the Persian compounds have meanings which are predictable, yet different from their compositional meanings.3. The syntactic category of a large number of the Persian compounds is different from that of their constituent Words.4. The derivational suffix “-i”, while added to nouns, may make adjectives or nouns, according to which we need to devide the Persian nouns into two subgroups. But this distinction is irrelevant in syntax.5. The Persian inflectional morphemes do not occur inside compounds.6. Compounds and syntactic phrases have different stress patterns.

Minimalism is one of the manifestations of modernism in the world that has penetrated into and has taken over areas of literature. For example, in Iranian literature in the seventies, several genres were formed including minimal stories, minimal poems, minimal Ghazal, Vazhaneh, and so on. The common denominator of these genres is that they are extremely minimalist. If in the eighties, with the advent of minimal Ghazal, Vazhaneh genre and the synergy of the two, a different genre of Ghazal called " Ghazalvazheh" was formed by Hengameh Ahura, which caused formal, structural, content and linguistic changes. Therefore, it can be said that Ghazal in the eighties were not safe from the influence of modernism. In this descriptive-analytical study, after introducing minimalism and minimal Ghazal and Vazhaneh genre, we examined in detail the effect of minimalism on Ghazal and came to the conclusion that Ghazalvazheh, has gone beyond being sentence-centered and has severely marginalized the healthy and even broken grammar of the grammar. Also, the structure of Ghazal is influenced by the Wordcitizen attitude, which is one of the manifestations of modernism transcends the “, Shah beyt”,in classic Ghazal and even the narration in the modern Ghazal (Ghazal-narration) and each Word is a narration that ultimately organizes the narration of the Ghazal. Ghazal also follows a kind of mental form and Vazhaneh logic. During this article, the language, structure and content of this type of Ghazal will be examined in detail.

In this paper, a hierarchical Bayes model is introduced which models local Word relationships in a language. The model can be considered as a language model. The proposed model does not suffer from sparseness because it does not rely on the exact Word orders. However, the model does not completely ignore the Word orders. The proposed generative model assumes that each Word is a distribution over Words and the current Word is generated from the distribution of one of its previous Words located in a fixed-size window. Contrary to an n-gram model which is a distribution over Word sequences and so takes the exact sequences of Words into account, the proposed model considers ordered pairs of Words which can occur at different distances in the subject text data. Because of this, the sparseness problem is not severe for the proposed model. The model is compared with and outperformed n-gram model according to its ability to model text data which is evaluated by perplexity.